TABLE 16.3–Comparison of Arceuthobium hawksworthii and A. aureum subsp. aureum
 
Character A. hawksworthii A. aureum subsp. aureum
Shoot color Pistillate plants pale green; staminate
  plants becoming pale yellow with age
Both pistillate and staminate plants pale
  yellow to yellow-brown
 
Growth form Shoots relatively tall, ca. 15–25 cm,
  few shoots arising from infection
Shoots relatively short, ca. 7–15 cm,
  numerous shoots arising from infection
 
Witches' brooms Extensive Absent
 
Inflorescence Long and open, ca. 1.5–2.5 cm long,
  bearing 6–9 fertile nodes,
  pistillate inflorescence darkened
Short and densely clustered, ca. 1.0–1.3 cm
  long, bearing 2–4 fertile nodes, pistillate
  inflorescence pale yellow
 
Anthesis Periodic: February and possibly
  June and October
Continuous (at least during dry season)
 
Sexual dimorphism Extreme Moderate
 
Staminate flower
  segment color Vivid red inside, same as shoots outside Both surfaces same as shoots
  mature buds Elongate, flattened, 3 mm long Rounded, 1.5 mm long
  diameter 3 mm 2 mm
  lobe width 1.5 mm 1.0 mm
  anther diameter ca. 0.75 mm ca. 0.5 mm
  nectary ca. 1.0 mm ca. 0.5 mm
 
Pistillate flower
  stigma Not exceeding length of perianth lobes Exceeding perianth lobes by ca. 0.3 mm
  color Stigma, lobes, and bracts dark brown-gray All flower parts and bracts same as shoots
 
Fruit
  equatorial line Approximately medial Approximately one-third below apex
  surface Not glaucous (?) Light glaucous when living
  shape and size Narrowly elliptical, 4.0 x 1.5 mm Broadly elliptical, 3.5 x 2.5 mm
 
Pedicel length
  at dispersal
2 mm 1 mm
 
Dispersal period Periodic: May–June and possibly
  September and December
Continuous (at least during dry season)
 
Distribution Highlands of west central Belize Highlands of central Guatemala
 
Hosts Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis
  Pinus oocarpa
Pinus pseudostrobus
  Pinus montezuma

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